by Pereere Smart | Sep 21, 2020 | Articles
IMSU 2020/2021 POST-UTME & DIRECT ENTRY SCREENING EXERCISE
The management of Imo State University (IMSU), Owerri, announces to the general public, especially its prospective students, that the registration for 2020/2021 POST-UTME & DIRECT ENTRY screening exercise has commenced. The prospective students are hereby advised to go the official website at https://www.admissions.imsu.edu.ng/ to register.
In order to be eligible or the registration/screening, these factors must be considered.
Eligibility Status
- The candidate must have chosen Imo State University as his/her first choice during Jamb registration.
- The candidate must score the required cut-off mark of 180 and above.
- The candidates who did not choose IMO State University as first choice University but scored the required cut-off mark can also apply on the condition that they visit the JAMB website for a change of Institution.
- All candidates must have five (5) O’ level credits in relevant subjects at not more than two (2) sittings.
- Candidates with awaiting O’ level results can also apply but they will not be considered for admission until their results are out.
How to apply or IMSU 2020/2021 POST-UTME
- Visit www.imsu.edu.ng and select post- UTME/DE on the admission dropdown menu.
- You will be directed to the Post-UTME/Direct Entry Page at www.admissions.imsu.edu.ng/post-utme/de.
- Click on register on the top banner and register with your jamb number, valid phone number and email. If your registration is successful, an account would be created automatically which you would use to apply for the post –UTME/DE
- Click on apply for post-UTME/DE and make payment of two thousand naira (N2000) with your Interswitch enabled debit card
- If your payment is successful, a post-UTME/DE application form would open; fill the form completely and correctly and then click submit at the bottom of the form.
- If you were unable to complete your application for any reason, you can always go back to the post- UTME/DE page at www.admissions.imsu.edu.ng/post-utme/de and click on login, to login to your account and complete your application before the closing date – 30th November 2020
- After submitting your application form, print the acknowledgement slip.
Please take note of the following:
- Every candidate must provide a valid email address and phone number.
- All application must be filled and submitted online on or before the closing date.
- Any wrong information given shall disqualify the candidate.
- Portal opens 10th September and closes 30th November 2020
Cut off Marks for each of the Faculties in IMSU
The following are the cut off marks for each of the faculties present In IMSU.
Library and Information Science – 206
Guidance and Counselling – 182
Mechanical Engineering – 221
Food Science and Technology – 200
Education and Psychology – 193
Education and Mathematics – 186
Electrical and Electronics Engineering – 229
Civil Engineering – 220
Education and Geophysics – 186
Education and Fine and Applied Arts – 194
Agricultural Engineering – 180
Zoology – 257
Education and Economics – 208
Education and Accounting – 182
Statistics – 182
Physics – 192
Educational Foundation – 182
Educational Administration – 190
Microbiology/Industrial Microbiology – 245
Industrial Physics – 191
Computer Science – 238
Chemistry/Industrial Chemistry – 207
Biochemistry – 230
Botany – 189
Psychology – 214
Political Science – 240
Geography and Environmental Management – 188
Mass Communication – 237
Economics – 233
Soil Science and Biotechnology – 198
Crop Science and BioTechnology – 183
Animal Science and Fisheries – 181
Agricultural Economics and Extension – 182
Religious Studies – 180
Philosophy – 188
Igbo and Linguistics – 188
History and International Studies – 220
Urban and Regional Planning – 87
Quantity Surveying – 191
Land Surveying – 192
Fine and Applied Arts – 184
Surveying and Geoinformatics – 180
Building – 190
Architecture – 220
Nutrition and Dietetics – 202
Nursing Science – 205
Biochemistry – 230
Medical Laboratory Science – 200
Optometry – 249
Accountancy – 236
Marketing- 215
Management – 220
Insurance – 192
Banking and Finance – 229
Best of luck to all Imsu prospective students.
by Pereere Smart | Jul 17, 2020 | Articles, Learn
Philosophical Ethics
Introduction to Ethics
Ethics is commonly defined as the sign that indicates what man has to do in order to be good, that is, worthy of being human. It is a science of what man has to be; this is because moral life is not only doing what in its strict sense but also in being in his entire existence, the ultimate ethical concern is, how should we be? What must we do to realize fully our human personality? This is the fundamental question of philosophical ethics. While other animals are simply trained to adapt, man is different from animals because of ethics, value, and aesthetics (i.e. beauty), this is because man is a valuing animal.
He cherishes, appreciates, wants, desires, and needs certain things. For instance, we value education and pursue it as an intrinsic value, that is, value for its own sake and for instrumental purposes. (intrinsic value is something that has value in itself, for instance, Education- on the other hand, money has an instrumental value). For the material benefits it offers man in terms of social mobility, status, and salary, these things make meaning only to axiology and its component, that is aesthetics, morality, ethics, and their bearing to man.
Ethics is a normative science of human conduct, it tells you what you should do in order to be a good person. A science that gives you norms on what you have to do, it describes the way things ought to be, equating ethics with logic, we can say that it is the science of right conduct. The concept of man reveals that man is a rational animal capable of human desires, emotions, attitudes, and passions.
Philosophers are divided on whether morality is a function of reason or a function of passion. According to Omoregbe 1993, on his contemporary morality, ‘some argue that while it is the function of reason or passion, However, both morality and passions are innate in man, man is the only being that combines both, hence moral sphere is uniquely human, man is, therefore, a harmonious blend of passions and reason, why is it harmonious? Passion is part of man, while not denying it, we cannot allow the passion.
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The Concept of Ethics
Ethics is the most important and functioning branch of philosophy today. In general, ethics is moral philosophy. The term ethics is derived from Greek term Ethos which means custom or character, hence our human values and virtues. Therefore, our actions and our experiences in everyday life are the subjects of ethics. In other words, ethics is the study of what is wrong and what is right. Good-evil, right- wrong, virtue – vice, justice, and injustice are some ethical concepts. Ethics is divided into two parts: theoretical ethics and applied ethics.
Theoretical Ethics
Theoretical ethics includes normative ethics, descriptive ethics, and Meta-ethics. Normative ethics is the study of what makes actions right and wrong. Meta-ethics is about the theoretical meaning and reference of moral propositions. Descriptive ethics is about facts. It examines ethics from observations of actual choices made by moral agents in practice.
Applied Ethics
Applied ethics refers to professional ethics, such as Medical ethics, Political Ethics, Business Ethics, and other professions. Applied ethics examines the particular ethical issues of private and public life. Professional ethics is one of the important branches of applied ethics. In general professional ethics can be defined as standards or codes to provide people with guidance in their professional lives. In general, there are four basic principles in ethical codes: Honesty, Confidentiality, Conflict of interest, Responsibilities
Purpose of Ethics
Ethics is a systematic study of the norms of human behavior. The purpose of studying these norms is to ensure that human behavior conforms to them, the study of ethics can be compared to the study of Logic, the study of Logic helps one to think more correctly and avoid fallacies.
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The study of theology helps one to deepen one’s religious outlook, the same applies to Ethics, and the study of ethics helps one to elevate one’s moral standard. The study of ethics should enable us to see the effect in our conduct and other people’s conduct, it helps us to live in a normative way and to understand the exact nature of things, to be able to set things in our conduct and make profitable suggestion to others.
We compared ethics to logic, but it does not follow that the study of logic is a precondition for correct reasoning. Just like the study of Ethics won’t be a reason for not behaving correctly. For philosophers have said that knowledge is virtue and ignorance is vice- Plato, those who err, for ignorance. –Socrates’ ethics as we have seen is a study of human action, it is concerned with what is good as distinct from what is bad, what is duty, and obligation. Right and wrong.
Ethics is related to education, thus the saying of Plato, knowledge is virtue and ignorance is vice. In this way we can say that ethics is related to education because ignorance of it is bad, we educate man to enable him to understand the negative and positive aspects of life and be responsible for any of it. This is because Socrates and Plato argued that ignorance is the mal-behavior.
Knowledge helps us to unveil us from the darkness of ignorance, man, as we saw earlier, needs education, this makes him more to live by certainty than by chance, it enables man to control his environment through his interaction to suit his purposes; since man is capable of doing good or bad, he needs to be prepared to do good at all times through education on ethics, this is what makes education a value-laden enterprise because it aims at the betterment of man in order to live better in the society.
by Pereere Smart | Jul 17, 2020 | Articles, Blogs, Learn
Philosophical Ethics: Educational Implication
In every philosophical quest, there must be a raw material to be rationalized, and in ethics the material is action. At present, ethics has an important place in all areas of life. Education is also a fundamental process of human life. Therefore, in education, ethics has a very important and effective role. In order to be a good human person, ethics should be placed as a course in the educational system. This interesting discourse focuses on what education gains from the study of Ethics, and why it is important to teach Ethics in Educational systems. Before discussing this issue, it is necessary to define what ethics is and what education is.
Introduction
From the study of Ethics, one can deduce several educational implications. In our contemporary world, ethics is priced high in all spheres of life. Ethics has also become important in education because education is a fundamental process of human life. Therefore, ethics as a subject is paramount in education. In order to understand the importance of ethics, ethics should be placed as a course in the educational system.
The Concept of Ethics
Ethics is the most important and functioning branch of philosophy today. In general, ethics is moral philosophy. The term ethics is derived from Greek term Ethos which means custom or character, hence our human values and virtues. Therefore, our actions and our experiences in everyday life are the subjects of ethics. In other words, ethics is the study of what is wrong and what is right. Good-evil, right-wrong, virtue- vice, justice, and injustice are some ethical concepts. Ethics is divided into two parts: theoretical ethics and applied ethics.
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Theoretical Ethics
Theoretical ethics includes normative ethics, descriptive ethics, and Meta-ethics. Normative ethics is the study of what makes actions right and wrong. Meta-ethics is about the theoretical meaning and reference of moral propositions. Descriptive ethics is about facts. It examines ethics from observations of actual choices made by moral agents in practice.
Applied Ethics
Applied ethics refers to professional ethics, such as Medical ethics, Political Ethics, Business Ethics, and other professions. Applied ethics examines the particular ethical issues of private and public life. Professional ethics is one of the important branches of applied ethics. In general professional ethics can be defined as standards or codes to provide people with guidance in their professional lives. In general, there are four basic principles in ethical codes: Honesty, Confidentiality, Conflict of interest, Responsibilities
The Concept of Education
Ex vi termini, education is any act or experience that has a formative effect on the mind, character, or physical ability of an individual. Etymologically, the word education is derived from the Latin Educo which means educate, train. Education is a process of learning and acquiring information. It means teaching and learning.
The history of education dates to the human history itself. Education is also a way to become civilized individuals and maximize potentials. Culture and cultural heritage can be transmitted by education because the main occupation of man is to pass knowledge, skills, and attitude from one generation to another. In ancient Greece, some philosopher’s views of education such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle contribute to the development of our present educational system.
In general, they (philosophers) all believe that the purpose of education is that improve humankind. Socratic Method is still used in modern educational practices. In this method, teachers ask some questions to improve the intellectual abilities of students and students try to answer these questions by using their reasons.
Today’s educational theories are based on the philosophies of these philosophers. See The Relevance of Amos Cornelius Education Theory.
Plato, the founder of Idealism, claimed that the aim of education was to develop an individual’s abilities to better serve society. He also was the founder of Academy, the first university in the world. For him, both men and women had the right to have an education. He claimed that there were different stages of education. According to him, education was a key element for a society.
On the other hand, Aristotle who was the father of realism believed that only citizens could be educated. He believed that an educated person was a fulfilled person. He defended theoretical, practical, and technical education. Education helps the development of bodily and mental faculties. In ancient Greece, education was seen as a function of the state and the aim of it is to serve the ends of the state.
Today, education also serves both the needs of the state or society and citizens. Therefore, education is important to us. It builds character, gives knowledge, and helps to the progress of the state. Education makes a man complete and it also plays an important role in developing society and state. Schools are basic frameworks of education. School helps children to become good citizens and human beings. This is possible only by ethical education, so teaching ethics in school is important
The Philosophical Impact On The Study Of Ethics
Fostering Morality
In his book Essays on Religion and Education, the Oxford philosopher, R.M. Hare, argued that ethics can be taught in schools, because it involves learning a language with a determinate method, “such that, if you understand what a moral question is, you must know which arguments are legitimate, in the same way in which, in mathematics, if you know what mathematics is, you know that certain arguments in that field are legitimate and certain arguments not.”
As Hare argues, teaching morality is not about inculcating substantive positions. The purpose isn’t necessarily to answer questions, but to raise them, and at the same time to provide students with a method (rules, or boundaries) in accordance with which the questions must be discussed. “As in mathematics, having taught them the language,” Hare said, “we can leave them to do the sums.”
For Public Interest
Finally, there is a public interest in teaching ethics. The ability to reason morally is a fundamental requirement of good citizenship, and an aspect of “civics education” broadly understood. It is important that citizens know how laws are made, and how decisions can be challenged. But a robust democracy requires more: it requires citizens with the capacity to reflect on how their country ought to be.
Issues as diverse as taxation and inequality, the limits to free speech, and the claims of future generations, all have a moral dimension. The other, powerful change in our society that adds to the ethical imperative is the unprecedented and largely unregulated advances in science and technology that are happening across the globe.
Harnessing Unfolding Technology
The dangers of unregulated technology, of not grounding decision-making on futures in ethics are potentially catastrophic. In order for adults to begin to make the appropriate political and ethical decisions on using new technologies, we need first to start training our children to ask salient and responsible questions, based on a resolute moral and ethical framework. We need to train them to think differently.
Formation of Character and Personality
In general, ethics is associated with religion, these are two intermingled terms.
Moral and ethics are always mixed together, but they refer to different subjects. Before as we said ethics is derived from Greek term Ethos which means custom, character. On the other hand, morality is a set of beliefs and practices about how to live a good life. Morality comes from the Latin term Mores which means custom and manner.
The terms ethics and morality are often used interchangeably. They have the same roots. Their meanings are the same; custom. However, there is a distinction between them in philosophy. This distinction can be stated as morality is a first-order set of beliefs and practices about how to live a good life, ethics is a second-order, conscious reflection on the adequacy of our moral beliefs.
Indeed, Morality is used to refer to what we would call moral conduct while ethics is used to refer to the formal study of moral conduct. It can be claimed that morality is related to praxis, but ethics is related to theory.
Gardelli, Alerby, and Persons present three arguments about why ethics should be taught in schools. These arguments are socialization argument, the quality of life argument, and the tool argument. According to socialization argument school should help students to become good citizens. To do this ethics is necessary in schools.
The second argument, the quality of life argument claims that school helps students to live a good life. “Schools have an obligation to foster the students to become persons who act in a morally correct way” This is possible by ethics in school (Gardelli, 2014: 19). And according to the last argument, the tool argument, “the students’ results in other subjects would improve if the students had ethics in school”. From these arguments, it can be concluded that ethics is necessary in schools because it provides a better life for students.
Conclusion
In Conclusion, it can be deduced that education is nevertheless an ethical effort. Human beings can be either unfriendly or peaceful by education. The aim of ethical education is to help people to act rightly. Norms can be easily taught, but without the knowledge of Ethics, conformity to the rules becomes hard. Therefore, teaching ethics has an important and necessary place in education. I would like to end with the ellipsis of Aristotle “He who is unable to live in society, or who has no need because he is sufficient for himself, must be either a beast or a god”
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Bibliography
Abbott, Andrew. (1983), “Professional Ethics” in the American Journal of Sociology 88 (5), pp. 855-885.
Aristotle, (1996), “Nicomachean Ethics”, Classics of Moral and Political Theory, ed. By Michael L. Morgan, Hackett Publishing Company: Indianapolis/ Cambridge.
Bailey, Barrow, Carr, and McCarthy (Ed). (2010), Philosophy of Education. London: Sage Publications
Barnes, J. (Ed). 1995, The Cambridge Companion to Aristotle, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Davidson, T. (1900). Aristotle and the Ancient Education Ideals. New York: Charles- Scribner’s.
Dunn, S. (2005). Philosophical Foundations of Education. New Jersey: Pearson.
Gardelli, Alerby, and Persson (2014). “Why Philosophical Ethics in School: Implications for Education in technology and in General” in Ethics and Education, Vol. 9, No:1, pp. 16-28. Routledge: Taylor& Francis Group.
Ornstein, Allan C. & Levine, Daniel U. (1981) An Introduction to the Foundations of Education (2nd ed), Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Plato, (2000). The Republic, University Press: Cambridge.
by Pereere Smart | Jul 15, 2020 | Photoshop Tutorials
Exposition to the Primary Tools in Photoshop
Welcome to our second lesson on Graphics Designing. We have done an extensive introduction to Graphics Designing in our previous lesson. In today’s lesson, we will be exposed to the Primary Tools in Photoshop.
Lesson II – Exposition to the Primary Tools in Photoshop
By Primary Tool, we mean the Basic Photoshop Tools that every beginner should learn firstly, in the process of Designing. They are basics because they are very common and easy to use. They are as follows:
- The Move Tool
- The Text Tool
- The Shape Tool
- The Quick Selection Tool
The Move Tool
The Move tool is the most basic tool in Photoshop. It takes charge of every movement of the layers from one place to another. This is the primary duty of the Move tool. The Move tool is less responsive in the older versions (from the first version to CS6) as it requires the designer to locate every layer at the layer window before manipulating it. But in the later versions (from CC), it became more responsive, in that the designer could simply click on the object on the workspace, and the layer will be selected for manipulation.
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Keep in mind that the Move tool has its properties displaying at the property bar when it is highlighted.
The Text Tool
The text tool is a basic tool that takes charge of all the text activities in Photoshop. It simply allows a designer to insert texts into the workspace during design. When the text tool is selected, it displays its property at the property bar where the designer can change the font size, style, color, alignment, and a lot more. Keep in mind that when the designer clicks on the workspace to start writing, Photoshop creates a layer for that text which gives the designer access for editing or any type of manipulation on that particular set of text.
Call to mind that the text layer could be moved from one place to the other using the Move Tool.
Shape Tool
The Shape tool is another basic tool that allows a designer to draw finite and primary shapes in Photoshop, such as Square, Rectangle, Circle, Sphere, etc. Again, one could download some Photoshop custom shapes and use them as already-made. Keep in mind that when a shape is drawn, it creates a layer of its own which can be moved around using the Move Tool, or resized using Ctr+T.
The Quick Selection Tool
The Quick Selection Tool is an easy tool that could be used to select the pixel of any object in Photoshop. As a beginner, it is the easiest tool to remove the background, or a part of anything, by just selecting the part, and using the delete (backspace) button on the keyboard to get rid of the part selected. Keep in mind, that any part deleted will not be recovered unless you Ctr Z. But, if you intend to use the part later in the design, you simply cut the part with Ctr+V, or duplicate the part with Ctr+J to create another layer holding the part only.
N/B: If you record any mistake in Photoshop, simply press Ctr+Z to go a step backward. If there is any need to go back more than once, press Ctr+Alt+Z.
You must always be observant enough to notice the changes in the property bar as you select different tools in Photoshop. This is very important. For example, if you draw a square using the Shape tool, and want to change the color, you must change the color using the color pallet on the property bar of the shape tool. This entails that you must highlight the shape tool firstly, before using its color pallet to change the color right away. If you are on the text tool and use the pallet of the text tool, then the shape will not be responding to the change.
